maniu.securebrain.com

maniu@securebrain.com:~# vi hp-ux

Directory Mappings

Root filesystem /

{/dev/vg00/lvol1}

Home Directory /home

{/dev/vg00/lvol4}

tmp Directory /tmp

{/dev/vg00/lvol6}

usr Directory /usr

{/dev/vg00/lvol7}

var Directory /var

{/dev/vg00/lvol8}

Sample configuration files /usr/newconfig

User Accounts

Password files /etc/passwd

/tcb/files/auth/r/root

Groups file /etc/group

/etc/logingroup

Maximum # of user ID 2147483647

Allow/Deny remote login /etc/securetty

{console}

User nobody's id # -2

Group nobody's id # -2(nogroup)

Recover root password >boot

Interact with IPL ? Y

ISL>hpux -iS

passwd root

Create new user useradd

Delete user userdel

List users logins

Modify user account usermod

General Commands

Unique host ID uname -i

Administrator sam

Performance monitor top

glance

System activity reporter sar

Virtual Memory statistics vmstat

I/O statistics iostat

Error logs dmesg

Physical RAM 4TB

Shared Memory 8TB

Process Data Space 4GB

Swap device /dev/vg00/lvol2

Swap file type swap

Display swap size swapinfo -a

Activate Swap swapon -a

Printers

Printer Queues /etc/lp/interface/*

Stop LP lpshut

Start LP lpsched

Submit print jobs lp

LP statistics lpstat

Remove print jobs cancel

Add printer queue lpadmin -p pq

Remove Printer queue lpadmin -x pq

Make default printer lpadmin -d pq

TCP/IP

Network IP configuration /etc/rc.config.d/netconf

Hosts IP addresses /etc/hosts

Name service switch /etc/nsswitch.conf

Network parameters ndd -h

Routing daemon gated

NIC Configurations lanscan -v

Secondary IP Address ifconfig lan0:1 IP

Login prompt telnetd -b /etc/issue

Increase the # of pseudo-terminals rebuild your kernel with these new values NPTY=#

NSTRPY=#

reboot

insf -d ptys -n #

insf -d ptym -n #

insf -d pts -s # -e -v

Maximum # of ptys {MAXUSERS}

Remote Shell remsh

YP/NIS service binder /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind

System Files

NFS exported /etc/exports

NFS Client mounted directories /etc/xtab

Max File System 128 GB

Max File Size 128 GB

Max # File Descriptors 60~ K

DISK/LVM Commands

Filesystem table /etc/fstab

Free disk blocks bdf

Device listing /sbin/ioscan

Disk information diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#

Disk Label pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d#

LVM Concepts logical extents

logical volume

volume group

Journal Filesystem type vxfs

Default volume group /dev/vg00

Display volume group vgdisplay -v vg00

Modify physical volume pvchange

Prepare physical disk pvcreate

List physical volume pvdisplay

Remove disk from volume group vgreduce

Move logical volumes to another physical volumes pvmove

Create volume group vgcreate

Remove volume group vgremove

Volume group availability vgchange

Restore volume group vgcfgrestore

DISK/LVM Commands

Exports volume group vgexport

Imports volume group vgimport

Volume group listing vgscan

Change logical volume characteristics lvchange

List logical volume lvdisplay

Make logical volume lvcreate

Extend logical volume lvextend

Reduce logical volume lvreduce

Remove logical volume lvremove

Prepare boot volumes lvlnboot

Remove boot volumes lvrmboot

Extend File system extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8

fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} /mt

Reduce/Split mirrors lvsplit

Merge mirrors lvmerge

Create mirrors lvcreate -m 1

Add mirrors lvextend -m 1

Create striped volumes lvcreate -i 3 -I 64

System recovery tape /opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery

Backup fbackup

Restore frecover

MISC

Startup script /sbin/rc

Kernel /stand/vmunix

Kernel Parameters sysdef

kmtune

kmsystem

Reconfigure the kernel cd /stand/build

/usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -v -s system

vi system

mk_kernel -s system

cd /stand

mv system system.prev

mv vmunix vmunix.prev

mv dlkm dlkm.prev

mv /stand/build/system system

kmupdate /stand/build/vmunix_test

List modules kmadmin -s

Load module kmadmin -L

Unload module kmadmin -U

Initialize system set_parms initial

Physical RAM grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log

Kernel Bits getconf KERNEL_BITS

Crash utility adb

Trace System Calls tusc

Machine model model

uname -m

OS Level uname -r

Run Level who -r

Core dump files /var/adm/crash

Boot single user >boot

Interact with IPL ? Y

ISL>hpux -iS

Maintenance mode >boot

Interact with IPL ? Y

ISL>hpux -lm

Interrupt Key control-B

Return to console co

Timezone Management /etc/TIMEZONE

NTP Daemon /etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons

/sbin/init.d/xntpd

Software

Install Software swinstall

Uninstall software swremove

List installed software swlist

Verify installed software swlist -l fileset -a state

List all files swlist -l file fileset

List installed patches swlist -l patch

what /stand/vmunix

Package owner swlist -l file | grep path

SW Directory /var/adm/sw/

Devices

Devices /dev

Install devices for attached peripherals insf -e

Remove device rmsf

Device drivers lsdev

CPU ioscan -fnC processor

List Terminal ioscan -fnC tty

Diagnostics stm

Whole Disk /dev/dsk/c#t#d0

CDROM /dev/dsk/c#t2d0

CDROM file type cdfs

Rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt/0m

Non-rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt/0mn

Links

Free Software
HP-UX Ports

Comandi Vari SO HP

Per rimuovere un disco dal VG

Smontare il FS “umount /pippo/pluto”
NON si può eliminare un LV dal VG se prima non si smonta il FS

Rimuovere il LV da VG “lvremove /dev/vg01/lv01”

Rimuovere il disco dal VG “vgreduce /dev/vg01 /dev/dsk/c1t4d0”

Rimuove il VG (se si vuole) “vgremove /dev/vg01”

Eliminando il LV/VG si devono aggiornare le informazioni contenute nel file /etc/fstab

Per Creare un nuovo PV/VG/LV/FS

creare il PV “pvcreate /dev/rdisk/c1t4d0”
Quando si creano i PV la definizione di dischi si dà come rdevice

creare il VG “vgcreate –n vg01 /dev/dsk/c1t4d0”
Se non si passa il nome del VG “-n vg01” il nome verrà assegnato automaticamente

creare il LV “lvcreate –n lv01 /dev/vg01”
Se non si passa il nome del LV “-n lv01” il nome verrà assegnato automaticamente

estendere il LV “lvextend –L 3300 /dev/vg01/lv01 /dev/dsk/c1t4d0”
l’opzione « -L 3300 » è la dimensione del LV espressa in Mb
se il disco è mirrorato si deve aggiungere il anche l’altro disco

creare il FS “newfs –F vxfs –b 8192 /dev/vg01/rlv01”
vxfs à tipo del FS « veritas File System »
8192 à block size in Kb

Inserire il FS creato nell'fstab per il mount ( nel caso che il FS deve essere gestito dal cluster NON si deve inserire nell'fstab,
ma nel file di configurazione del package che nel nostro caso si trova in /etc/cmcluster/ (qui dentro si trovano i package installati nel cluster)

per ridurre/ingrandire il FS si deve eseguire il comando
“fsadm -F vxfs -b 8388608 /xxx/yyy”
8388608 = 8192*1024 “deve essere la dimensione totale del fs”
vxfs à tipo del FS « veritas File System »
dischi ioscan -fnC disk

Mirror/Smirror LV

Per eseguire il mirror di un LV lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg01/lv01 /dev/dsk/c1t4d0”

/dev/dsk/c1t4d0 à è il disco di destinazione

/dev/vg01/lv01 à è il lv di origine

Per eseguire lo smirror di un LV “lvreduce –m 0 /dev/vg01/lv01 /dev/dsk/c1t4d0”

/dev/dsk/c1t4d0 à è il disco da cui si vuole togliere il mirrror

N.B. Si posso eseguire max 2 copie di mirror

Se non si specifica il disco di destinazione il mirror verrà effettuato all’interno del vg nel primo disco libero.

Si può controllare se il mirror con lvdisplay

Creare lost+found

mklost+found

Controlli

Per essere sicuri di sostituire il disco corretto si può procede con il seguente comando:

dd if=/dev/dsk/c2t12d0 of=/dev/null

in questo modo si vede il led dell’hdd che si accende.

Swap space

Per creare una nuova Swap space e attivarla

Crea la Swap space “lvcreate -C 8192 –L 3300 -n lvolxx /dev/vgxx”
8192 à block size
3300 à dimensione della swap space in Mb

lvolxx à nome swap

Attiva la swap space “swapon –p 1 /dev/vgxx/lvolxx”

Per creare/attivare un’area di swap di devono controllare se i seguenti parametri siano impostati correttamente:

MaxSwapChuhnks à min 2048 max 16384

SwChunks --> valore di default di 2Mb

Se dobbiamo fare un’area di swap di 8Gb, si deve impostare il MaxSwapChunks a 8192

DimensioneTotaleAreaSwap / SwChunks = MaxSwapChuhnks ”8192/2=4096”

Es: Se dobbiamo fare un’area di swap di 8Gb “8192/2=4096”

    Se dobbiamo fare un’area di swap di 16Gb “16384/2=8192”

    Se dobbiamo fare un’area di swap di 32Gb “32768/2=16384”

Questi parametri vanno modificati da SAM (alla fine si deve ricompilare il kernel sempre da SAM)

Creare /dev/null

Per creare /dev/null

mknod null c 3 0x000002

ls -la null*

crw-rw-rw-   1 root       sys          3 0x000002 Jul 17 07:39 null

-rw-r--r--   1 root       sys              0 Mar 7 2000 null2

chown bin:bin null

ls -la null*

crw-rw-rw-   1 bin        bin          3 0x000002 Jul 17 07:39 null

-rw-r--r--   1 root       sys              0 Mar 7 2000 null2

SWCOPY
assuming all your depot files are under /tmp
#mkdir /tmp/patch_depot
#swcopy -s /tmp/patch1_name.depot patch1_name @ /tmp/patch_depot

eg; for patch PHKL_16957
swcopy -s /tmp/PHKL_16957.depot PHKL_16957 @ /tmp/patch_depot
(repeat the same for all patches)
#swreg -l depot /tmp/patch_depot
#swinstall -s /tmp/patch_depot
after patch installation is over
#swreg -u -l depot /tmp/patch_depot.
This will install all your patches.

:q!

Directory Mappings
Root filesystem	/
	{/dev/vg00/lvol1}
Home Directory	/home
	{/dev/vg00/lvol4}
tmp Directory	/tmp
	{/dev/vg00/lvol6}
usr Directory	/usr
	{/dev/vg00/lvol7}
var Directory	/var
	{/dev/vg00/lvol8}
Sample configuration files	/usr/newconfig

User Accounts
Password files	/etc/passwd
	/tcb/files/auth/r/root
Groups file	/etc/group
	/etc/logingroup
Maximum # of user ID	2147483647
Allow/Deny remote login	/etc/securetty
	{console}
User nobody's id #	-2
Group nobody's id #	-2(nogroup)
Recover root password	>boot
	Interact with IPL ? Y
	ISL>hpux -iS
	passwd root
Create new user	useradd
Delete user	userdel
List users	logins
Modify user account	usermod
General Commands
Unique host ID	uname -i
Administrator	sam
Performance monitor	top
	glance
System activity reporter	sar
Virtual Memory statistics	vmstat
I/O statistics	iostat
Error logs	dmesg
Physical RAM	4TB
Shared Memory	8TB
Process Data Space	4GB
Swap device	/dev/vg00/lvol2
Swap file type	swap
Display swap size	swapinfo -a
Activate Swap	swapon -a

Printers
Printer Queues	/etc/lp/interface/*
Stop LP	lpshut
Start LP	lpsched
Submit print jobs	lp
LP statistics	lpstat
Remove print jobs	cancel
Add printer queue	lpadmin -p pq
Remove Printer queue	lpadmin -x pq
Make default printer	lpadmin -d pq

TCP/IP
Network IP configuration	/etc/rc.config.d/netconf
Hosts IP addresses	/etc/hosts
Name service switch	/etc/nsswitch.conf
Network parameters	ndd -h
Routing daemon	gated
NIC Configurations	lanscan -v
Secondary IP Address	ifconfig lan0:1 IP
Login prompt	telnetd -b /etc/issue
Increase the # of pseudo-terminals	rebuild your kernel with these new values NPTY=#
	NSTRPY=#
	reboot
	insf -d ptys -n #
	insf -d ptym -n #
	insf -d pts -s # -e -v
Maximum # of ptys	{MAXUSERS}
Remote Shell	remsh
YP/NIS service binder	/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind

System Files
NFS exported	/etc/exports
NFS Client mounted directories	/etc/xtab
Max File System	128 GB
Max File Size	128 GB
Max # File Descriptors	60~ K

DISK/LVM Commands
Filesystem table	/etc/fstab
Free disk blocks	bdf
Device listing	/sbin/ioscan
Disk information	diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#
Disk Label	pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d#
LVM Concepts	logical extents
	logical volume
	volume group
Journal Filesystem type	vxfs
Default volume group	/dev/vg00
Display volume group	vgdisplay -v vg00
Modify physical volume	pvchange
Prepare physical disk	pvcreate
List physical volume	pvdisplay
Remove disk from volume group	vgreduce
Move logical volumes to another physical volumes	pvmove
Create volume group	vgcreate
Remove volume group	vgremove
Volume group availability	vgchange
Restore volume group	vgcfgrestore

DISK/LVM Commands
Exports volume group	vgexport
Imports volume group	vgimport
Volume group listing	vgscan
Change logical volume characteristics	lvchange
List logical volume	lvdisplay
Make logical volume	lvcreate
Extend logical volume	lvextend
Reduce logical volume	lvreduce
Remove logical volume	lvremove
Prepare boot volumes	lvlnboot
Remove boot volumes	lvrmboot
Extend File system	extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8
	fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} /mt
Reduce/Split mirrors	lvsplit
Merge mirrors	lvmerge
Create mirrors	lvcreate -m 1
Add mirrors	lvextend -m 1
Create striped volumes	lvcreate -i 3 -I 64
System recovery tape	/opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery
Backup	fbackup
Restore	frecover

MISC
Startup script	/sbin/rc
Kernel	/stand/vmunix
Kernel Parameters	sysdef
	kmtune
	kmsystem
Reconfigure the kernel	cd /stand/build
	/usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -v -s system
	vi system
	mk_kernel -s system
	cd /stand
	mv system system.prev
	mv vmunix vmunix.prev
	mv dlkm dlkm.prev
	mv /stand/build/system system
	kmupdate /stand/build/vmunix_test
List modules	kmadmin -s
Load module	kmadmin -L
Unload module	kmadmin -U
Initialize system	set_parms initial
Physical RAM	grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
Kernel Bits	getconf KERNEL_BITS
Crash utility	adb
Trace System Calls	tusc
Machine model	model
	uname -m
OS Level	uname -r
Run Level	who -r
Core dump files	/var/adm/crash
Boot single user	>boot
	Interact with IPL ? Y
	ISL>hpux -iS
Maintenance mode	>boot
	Interact with IPL ? Y
	ISL>hpux -lm
Interrupt Key	control-B
Return to console	co
Timezone Management	/etc/TIMEZONE
NTP Daemon	/etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons
	/sbin/init.d/xntpd
Software
Install Software	swinstall
Uninstall software	swremove
List installed software	swlist
Verify installed software	swlist -l fileset -a state
List all files	swlist -l file fileset
List installed patches	swlist -l patch
	what /stand/vmunix
Package owner	swlist -l file \| grep path
SW Directory	/var/adm/sw/
Devices
Devices	/dev
Install devices for attached peripherals	insf -e
Remove device	rmsf
Device drivers	lsdev
CPU	ioscan -fnC processor
List Terminal	ioscan -fnC tty
Diagnostics	stm
Whole Disk	/dev/dsk/c#t#d0
CDROM	/dev/dsk/c#t2d0
CDROM file type	cdfs
Rewinding tape drive	/dev/rmt/0m
Non-rewinding tape drive	/dev/rmt/0mn
Links Free Software	HP-UX Ports